Chronic low back pain and osteopathy

Understanding chronic low back pain

Definition

Chronic low-back pain is persistent pain in the lumbar region, i.e. the lower back, that has lasted for more than three months. It's the most common cause of disability, work absenteeism and reduced quality of life, affecting a large proportion of the world's population. Low back pain can be of mechanical origin, linked to alterations in the spine and surrounding structures, or non-mechanical, with more complex causes such as inflammatory or metabolic diseases.

Causes of low back pain

Mechanical factors: They are the most frequent causes. They include postural disorders, lumbar osteoarthritis, herniated discs, intervertebral discs degeneration, muscular contractures.
Non-mechanical factors: Less common, these causes can include inflammatory pathologies (such as ankylosing spondylitis), infections, or visceral disorders such as kidney disease.
Psychosocial factors: Stress, anxiety, depression and other psychological disorders can influence pain perception and promote chronicity.

Symptoms

The symptoms of chronic low back pain are varied and can include:

Diffuse pain in the lower back, sometimes radiating to the buttocks and legs.
Morning stiffness, especially after prolonged periods of rest.
Functional limitations in everyday movements such as bending or lifting.
Sometimes tingling, burning or numbness in the lower limbs.

Chronic back pain treatment and management

Medications

Analgesics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and sometimes muscle relaxants are often prescribed to reduce pain. In some cases, antidepressants or antiepileptics may be used for their action on chronic pain.

Functional rehabilitation and Exercises

Physiotherapy aims to strengthen back muscles and improve posture. Stabilization, muscle-strengthening and stretching exercises are essential to reduce pain and prevent recurrence.

Cognitive-behavioral therapies (CBT)

CBT can help modify negative pain-related behaviors and perceptions, particularly in patients suffering from depression or anxiety associated with their low-back pain.

Osteopathy and manual therapy

Benefits of osteopathy for chronic low-back pain

Lasting relief: Osteopathic techniques aim to treat the root causes of pain, often providing longer-lasting relief than symptomatic treatments.
Improved mobility: By reducing muscular tension and joint restrictions, osteopathy helps restore flexibility and freedom of movement.
Non-invasive approach: Unlike drugs or surgery, osteopathy is a gentle method that encourages the body's self-healing capacities.
Overall well-being: Osteopathy treats the body as a whole, which can contribute to an improvement in overall health, both physical and mental.